Epitaph |

Epitaph (lati Greek epitapios – tombstone, from epi – on, over and tapos – grave) – okuta ibojì kan, nigbagbogbo ni ẹsẹ. Iru E. ni idagbasoke ni Dokita Greece ati Rome. Ni aṣa European, mejeeji awọn ewi gidi ati ọkan ti o jẹ itanjẹ, bi o ti jẹ pe, ṣe atunṣe rẹ - orin kan ninu ẹmi ti akọle ibojì, eyiti o wa lori awọn ẹtọ kanna gẹgẹbi awọn ewi "aiṣe-iṣe" miiran - ni a lo. E., ti a fi pamọ si awọn akọrin, fun apẹẹrẹ. ipè ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun Róòmù (wo ìwé náà: Fedorova EV, Latin Inscriptions, M., 1976, ojú ìwé 140, 250, No 340) àti ọ̀gá ẹ̀yà ara kan, “ẹni tí ó mọ bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe àwọn ẹ̀yà ara omi tí ó sì tún máa ń darí ìṣíkiri (ti omi ninu wọn)". Lẹẹkọọkan, gidi E. tun jẹ orin. Nitorina, lori ibojì Seikil ni Tralles (Lydia, Asia Minor) ca. 100 BC e. gbigbasilẹ orin aladun kan pẹlu ọrọ ti o baamu ni a ya (wo apẹẹrẹ orin ninu nkan naa Awọn ipo Giriki atijọ). Ni awọn 19th orundun igba da muses. awọn ọja, eyiti o wa ninu iseda wọn ni ibamu si imọran ti u2buXNUMXbE. ati nigba miiran jẹ orukọ yii. Lara wọn ni iṣipopada XNUMXnd ti isinku Berlioz ati Symphony Triumphal (Ọrọ Tomb fun adashe trombone), E. si Gravestone ti Max Egon ti Furstenberg” fun fèrè, clarinet ati harp nipasẹ Stravinsky, mẹta E. (“Drei Grabschriften”) Dessau lori op. B. Brecht (ni iranti ti VI Lenin, M. Gorky ati R. Luxembourg), E. lori iku K. Shimanovsky fun awọn okun. Sheligovsky orchestra, ohun-symphony. E. ni iranti ti F. Garcia Lorca Nono ati awọn miiran. E. ni ibatan si awọn ọja miiran. ti a npe ni. awọn oriṣi iranti - irin-ajo isinku, kiko, ibojì (Le tombeau; suite "The Tomb of Couperin" fun pianoforte Ravel, "Orin Ibanujẹ" fun Orchestra Lyadov), diẹ ninu awọn elegies, Lamento, Ni memoriam (introit "Ninu Iranti ti TS). Eliot » Stravinsky, "Ninu memoriam" fun orchestra Schnittke).

Awọn atẹjade: Epigram Greek, trans. с древнегреч., (M., 1960); Epigraphical Latin awọn orin. Br. Buecheler, fasc. 1-3, Lipsia, 1895-1926; Awọn orin ibojì Latin. Ti a gba nipasẹ J. Cholodniak, Petropolis, 1897.

To jo: Petrovsky PA, awọn ewi epigraphic Latin, M., 1962; Ramsay WM, Awọn iwe afọwọkọ ti Asia Minor, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 1883, v. 7, No. 21, p. 277-78; Crusius O., Ein Liederfragment auf einer antiken Statuenbasis, "Philologus", 1891, Bd 50, S. 163-72; ti ara rẹ, Zu neuentdeckten antiken Musikresten, ibid., 1893, S. 160-200; Martin E., Trois awọn iwe aṣẹ de musique grecque, P., 1953, p. 48-55; Fischer W., Das Grablied des Seikilos, der einzige Zeuge des antiken weltlichen Liedes, ni Ammann-Festgabe, Vol. 1, Innsbruck, 1953, S. 153-65.

EV Gertzman