Gian Francesco Malipiero |

Gian Francesco Malipiero

Bi sinu idile awọn akọrin. Lati ọjọ ori 9 o kọ ẹkọ lati mu violin. Ni 1898-99 o lọ si Vienna Conservatory (awọn ẹkọ isokan). Lati 1899 o kọ ẹkọ akojọpọ ati ṣiṣe pẹlu ME Bossi ni Musical Lyceum B. Marcello ni Venice, lẹhinna ni Musical Lyceum ni Bologna (o pari ni 1904). Ni ominira ṣe iwadi iṣẹ ti awọn ọga Itali atijọ. Ni 1908-09 o lọ si awọn ikowe nipasẹ M. Bruch ni Berlin. Ni 1921-24 o kọ ni Conservatory. A. Boito ni Parma (orin yii), ni 1932-53 professor (kilasi akosilẹ; niwon 1940 tun director) ti awọn Conservatory. B. Marcello ni Venice. Lara awọn ọmọ ile-iwe rẹ ni L. Nono, B. Maderna.

Malipiero jẹ ọkan ninu awọn olupilẹṣẹ Ilu Italia nla julọ ti ọdun 20th. O ni awọn iṣẹ oriṣiriṣi oriṣiriṣi. O si ti a nfa nipasẹ awọn French Impressionists, bi daradara bi NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Iṣẹ Malipiero jẹ iyatọ nipasẹ iwa ti orilẹ-ede ti o ni imọlẹ (igbẹkẹle awọn eniyan ati awọn aṣa Itali atijọ), ati lilo ibigbogbo ti awọn ọna orin ode oni. Malipiero ṣe alabapin si isọdọtun ti orin irinse Ilu Italia lori ipilẹ tuntun. O kọ idagbasoke ọrọ ti o ni ibamu, o fẹran si iyatọ moseiki ti awọn iṣẹlẹ kọọkan. Nikan ni diẹ ninu awọn iṣẹ dodecaphone imuposi lo; Malipiero tako si awọn eto avant-garde. Malipiero ṣe pataki pataki si ikosile aladun ati igbejade aiṣedeede ti ohun elo, tiraka fun ayedero ati pipe fọọmu.

O ṣe ipa nla si idagbasoke ti itage orin Italia. Ninu ọpọlọpọ awọn operas rẹ (diẹ sii ju 30), nigbagbogbo ti a kọ si awọn liberttos tirẹ, awọn iṣesi ireti bori.

Ni nọmba awọn iṣẹ ti o da lori awọn koko-ọrọ kilasika (Euripides, W. Shakespeare, C. Goldoni, P. Calderon, ati awọn miiran), olupilẹṣẹ naa bori iwa-iwa abuda rẹ. Malipiero tun jẹ oniwadi, onimọran ati olupolowo ti orin Itali ni kutukutu. O ṣe olori Ile-ẹkọ Ilu Italia ti Antonio Vivaldi (ni Siena). Labẹ olootu ti Malipiero, awọn iṣẹ ti a gbajọ ti C. Monteverdi (vols. 1-16, 1926-42), A. Vivaldi, awọn iṣẹ nipasẹ G. Tartini, G. Gabrieli ati awọn miiran ni a gbejade.

MM Yakovlev

Awọn akojọpọ:

awọn opera – Canossa (1911, post. 1914, Costanzi Theatre, Rome), Awọn ala ti Igba Irẹdanu Ewe Iwọoorun (Songo d'un tramonto d'autunno, lẹhin G. D'Annunzio, 1914), Orpheid mẹta (Iku ti awọn iboju iparada - La morte). delle maschere; Awọn orin meje - Seite canzoni; Orpheus, tabi Orin kẹjọ - Orfeo ovvero l'ottava canzone, 1919-22, ifiweranṣẹ. 1925, Dusseldorf), Filomela ati enchanted nipasẹ rẹ (Filomela e l'infatuato, 1925, ifiweranṣẹ. 1928, German Theatre, Prague), awọn awada mẹta ti Goldoni (Tre commedie Goldoniane: Coffee House – La bottega da caffé, Signor Todero-Bruzga – Sior Todaro brontolon, Chiogin skirmishes – Le baruffe chiozzotte; 1926, Hesse Operat House,) Idije (Torneo notturno, 7 ipele nocturnes, 1929, post. 1931, National Theatre, Munich), Fenisiani ohun ijinlẹ mẹta (Il mistero di Venezia: Eagles of Aquile - Le aquile di Aquileia, Lzhearlekin - Il finto Arlecchino, Ravens of St. – I corvi di San Marco, ballet, 1925-29, post. 1932, Coburg), The Legend of the Foundling Son (La favola del figlio).combiato, 1933, ifiweranṣẹ. 1934, Br aunschweig), Julius Caesar (gẹgẹ bi W. Shakespeare, 1935, post. 1936, itage "Carlo Felice", Genoa), Antony ati Cleopatra (gẹgẹbi Shakespeare, 1938, itage "Comunale", Ba (Florence), Hecurence. Ecuba, lẹhin Euripides, 1939, post. 1941, itage "Opera", Rome), Merry ile (L'alegra brigata, 6 kukuru itan, 1943, post. 1950, La Scala Theatre, Milan), Ọrun ati Hellish yeyin (Mondi celesti e infernali, 1949, Spanish 1950, lori redio, post. 1961, itage "Fenice, Venice), Donna Urraca (lẹhin P. Merime, 1954, Tr Donizetti, Bergamo), Captain Siavento (1956, post. 1963, San Carlo Theatre, Naples), Captive Venus (Venere prigioniera, 1956, post. 1957, Florence), Don Giovanni (4 sile lẹhin Pushkin ká Stone Guest, 1963, Naples), prude Tartuffe (1966), Metamorphoses ti Bonaventure (1966), Heroes. ti Bonaventure (1968, post. 1969, itage "Piccola Scala", Milan), Iscariot (1971) ati awọn miiran; awọn baluwe - Panthea (1919, post. 1949, Vienna), Masquerade ti igbekun Princess (La mascherata delle principesse prigioniere, 1924, Brussels), New World (El mondo novo, 1951), Stradivarius (1958, Dortmund); cantatas, fenu ati awọn akopọ ohun miiran ati ohun elo; fun orchestra - 11 symphonies (1933, 1936, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1967, 1970), Awọn iwunilori lati iseda (Impressionni dal vero, 3 cycles, 1910 cycles, 1915s del silenzio, 1922 cycles, 2, 1917), Armenia (1926), Passacaglia (1917), Gbogbo Day ká irokuro (Fantasie di ogni giorno, 1952); Awọn ibaraẹnisọrọ (Ko si 1951, pẹlu Manuel de Falla, 1), ati bẹbẹ lọ; ere orin pẹlu onilu – 5 fun fp. (1934, 1937, 1948, 1950, 1958), fun 2 fp. (1957), 2 fun Skr. (1932, 1963), fun wlc. (1937), fun Skr., Vlch. ati fp. (1938), Awọn iyatọ laisi akori fun duru. (1923); iyẹwu irinse ensembles - 7 awọn okun. quartets, ati be be lo; piano ege; fifehan; orin fun eré itage ati kino.

Awọn iṣẹ iwe-kikọ: Ẹgbẹ́ akọrin, Bologna, 1920; Ilé ìtàgé, Bologna, 1920; Claudio Monteverdi, Mil., 1929; Stravinsky, Venice, [1945]; Cossn lọ agbaye [автобиография], Mil., 1946; Labyrinth isokan, Mil., 1946; Antonio Vivaldi, [Mil., 1958].