Oles Semyonovych Chishko (Chishko, Oles) |

Chishko, Oles

Bi ni 1895 ni abule ti Dvurechny Kut nitosi Kharkov, ninu ẹbi ti olukọ igberiko. Lẹhin ayẹyẹ ipari ẹkọ lati ile-idaraya, o wọ ile-ẹkọ giga Kharkov, nibiti o ti kọ ẹkọ awọn imọ-jinlẹ adayeba, ngbaradi lati di agronomist. Nigbakanna pẹlu awọn ẹkọ ni ile-ẹkọ giga, o gba awọn ẹkọ orin lati F. Bugomelli ati LV Kich. Ni 1924 o graduated (ita) lati Kharkov Music ati Drama Institute, ni 1937 lati Leningrad Conservatory, ibi ti 1931-34 o iwadi pẹlu PB Ryazanov (tiwqn), Yu. N. Tyulin (ibaramu), Kh. S. Kushnarev (polyphony). Ni 1926-31 o kọrin ni Kharkov, Kiev, Odessa Opera ati Ballet Theatre, ni 1931-48 (pẹlu isinmi ni 1940-44) ni Leningrad Maly Opera Theatre, ati ki o je tun kan soloist pẹlu Leningrad Philharmonic. Iṣẹ iṣe giga ati talenti atilẹba ṣe iyatọ aṣa iṣe ti Chishko akọrin. O ṣẹda awọn aworan ti o han ni awọn operas Taras Bulba nipasẹ Lysenko (Kobzar), Rupture nipasẹ Femelidi (Godun), Zakhar Berkut nipasẹ Lyatoshinsky (Maxim Berkut), Ogun ati Alaafia (Pierre Bezukhov), Battleship Potemkin (Matyushenko). Ti a ṣe bi akọrin ere. Ọganaisa ati adari iṣẹ ọna akọkọ (1939-40) ti Orin ati Ijó Ẹgbẹ ti Baltic Fleet.

Awọn adanwo kikọ akọkọ ti Chishko jẹ ti oriṣi ohun. O kọ awọn orin ati awọn fifehan ti o da lori awọn ọrọ ti awọn ewi nipasẹ Akewi Ukrainian nla TG Shevchenko (1916), ati lẹhinna, lẹhin Iyika Socialist Socialist Nla ti Oṣu Kẹwa, o ṣajọ awọn orin ati awọn apejọ ohun ti o da lori awọn ọrọ ti awọn ewi Soviet A. Zharov, M. Goldny ati awọn miran. Ni ọdun 1930 Chishko ṣẹda opera akọkọ rẹ “Apple igbekun” (“Igbekun Igi Apple”). Idite rẹ da lori ọkan ninu awọn iṣẹlẹ ti ogun abele ni Ukraine. Oṣere opera yii ni a ṣe ni awọn ile iṣere orin ni Kyiv, Kharkov, Odessa, ati Tashkent.

Iṣẹ pataki julọ ti Oles Chishko jẹ ọkan ninu awọn operas Soviet akọkọ lori akori rogbodiyan ti o gba idanimọ jakejado, opera Battleship Potemkin (1937), ti a ṣe nipasẹ Opera ati Ballet Theatre. SM Kirov ni Leningrad, awọn Bolshoi Theatre ti awọn USSR ni Moscow ati awọn nọmba kan ti opera ile ni orile-ede.

Iṣẹ ti Chishko olupilẹṣẹ ni nkan ṣe pẹlu idagbasoke ti akọni ati awọn akori rogbodiyan ni aworan orin Soviet ti 20-30s. O san ifojusi pupọ si ipele-orin ati awọn iru ohun. Ni 1944-45 ati 1948-65 o kọ ni Leningrad Conservatory (kilasi akopo; niwon 1957 alasepo ọjọgbọn). Onkọwe ti iwe Orin Orin ati Awọn ohun-ini Rẹ (1966).

Awọn akojọpọ:

awọn opera - Judith (libre Ch., 1923), Apple igbekun (Yablunevy full, libre Ch., da lori awọn ere nipa I. Dniprovsky, 1931, Odessa Opera ati Ballet Theatre), Battleship "Potemkin" (1937, Leningrad t-opera). ballet, 2nd àtúnse 1955), Ọmọbinrin ti awọn Caspian Sea (1942), Mahmud Torabi (1944, Uzbek opera ati ballet ile-iwe), Lesya ati Danila (1958), Rivals (1964), Irkutsk itan (ko pari); fun soloists, akorin ati onilu - cantata Nibẹ ni iru apa kan (1957), wok.-symphony. suites: Guardsmen (1942), Flag lori abule igbimo (pẹlu orchestra awọn ohun elo, 1948), Miners (1955); fun orchestra – Steppe Overture (1930), Ukrainian Suite (1944); fun orkestra ti awọn ohun elo eniyan - ijó suite (1933), 6 ege (1939-45), 2 Kazakh. awọn orin fun Kazakh. orc. nar. ohun èlò (1942, 1944); okun Quartet (1941); awọn akorin, fifehan (c. 50) ati awọn orin lori awọn tókàn. AS Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, TG Shevchenko ati awọn miran; processing Ti Ukarain, Russian, Kazakh, Uzb. orin pine (ka 160); orin k išẹ eré. t-ra.