Paul Abraham Dukas |

Paul duka

Ni 1882-88 o kọ ẹkọ ni Paris Conservatoire pẹlu J. Matyas (kilasi piano), E. Guiraud (kilasi kikọ), 2nd Rome Prize fun cantata "Velleda" (1888). Tẹlẹ rẹ akọkọ symphonic ṣiṣẹ - awọn overture "Polyeuct" (da lori awọn ajalu ti P. Corneille, 1891), awọn simfoni (1896) ti wa ni o wa ninu awọn repertoire ti asiwaju French orchestras. Okiki agbaye ni a mu wa si olupilẹṣẹ nipasẹ Symphonic scherzo The Sorcerer's Apprentice (da lori ballad nipasẹ JB Goethe, 1897), orchestration ti o wuyi ti eyiti HA Rimsky-Korsakov ṣe riri pupọ. Awọn iṣẹ ti awọn 90s, bakannaa "Sonata" (1900) ati "Awọn iyatọ, Interlude ati Finale" lori akori ti Rameau (1903) fun duru, si iwọn nla jẹri si ipa ti iṣẹ P. Wagner, C. Frank.

Ohun pataki tuntun kan ninu aṣa kikọ Duke ni opera “Ariana ati Bluebeard” (ti o da lori ere itan-akọọlẹ ti M. Maeterlinck, 1907), ti o sunmọ ara impressionist, ti o tun ṣe iyatọ nipasẹ ifẹ fun awọn gbogbogbo ti imọ-jinlẹ. Awọn awari coloristic ọlọrọ ti Dimegilio yii ni idagbasoke siwaju sii ninu ewi choreographic “Peri” (da lori itan-akọọlẹ Iran atijọ kan, 1912, ti a ṣe igbẹhin si oṣere akọkọ ti ipa akọkọ - ballerina N. Trukhanova), eyiti o jẹ oju-iwe didan ni ise olupilẹṣẹ.

Awọn iṣẹ ti awọn 20s jẹ ijuwe nipasẹ iloju imọ-jinlẹ nla, isọdọtun ti awọn ibaramu, ati ifẹ lati sọji awọn aṣa ti orin Faranse atijọ. Oye to ṣe pataki ti o pọ si ti fi agbara mu olupilẹṣẹ lati pa ọpọlọpọ awọn akopọ ti o ti pari (Sonata fun fayolini ati duru, ati bẹbẹ lọ).

Ipilẹ pataki pataki ti Duke (ju awọn nkan 330 lọ). O ṣe alabapin si awọn iwe irohin Revue hebdomadaire ati Chronique des Arts (1892-1905), iwe iroyin Le Quotidien (1923-24) ati awọn iwe iroyin igbakọọkan. Duka ni imọ-jinlẹ ni aaye orin, itan-akọọlẹ, iwe-iwe, imọ-jinlẹ. Awọn nkan rẹ jẹ iyatọ nipasẹ iṣalaye eniyan, oye otitọ ti aṣa ati isọdọtun. Ọkan ninu awọn akọkọ ni France, o mọrírì iṣẹ MP Mussorgsky.

Duke ṣe ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣẹ ikẹkọ. Niwon 1909 professor ni Paris Conservatory (titi 1912 - orchestral kilasi, niwon 1913 - tiwqn kilasi). Ni akoko kanna (lati ọdun 1926) o ṣe olori ẹka ti akopọ ni Ecole Normal. Lara awọn ọmọ ile-iwe rẹ ni O. Messiaen, L. Pipkov, Yu. G. Krein, Xi Xing-hai ati awọn miiran.

Awọn akojọpọ:

opera – Ariane ati Bluebeard (Ariane et Barbe-Bleue, 1907, tp “Opera Comic”, Paris; 1935, tp “Grand Opera”, Paris); ballet – choreographic Peri ká oríkì (1912, tp “Chatelet”, Paris; pẹlu A. Pavlova – 1921, tp “Grand Opera”, Paris); fun Orc. – Simfoni C-dur (1898, Spanish 1897), scherzo The Sorcerer ká Olukọni (L'Apprenti sorcier, 1897); Fun fp. - sonata es-moll (1900), Awọn iyatọ, interlude ati ipari lori akori ti Rameau (1903), Elegiac prelude (Prelude legiaque sur le nom de Haydn, 1909), Ewi La plainte au Ioin du faune, 1920) ati be be lo. ; Villanella fun iwo ati duru. (1906); vocalise (Alla gitana, 1909), Ponsard's Sonnet (fun ohùn ati duru, 1924; lori 400th aseye ti ibi P. de Ronsard), ati be be lo; titun ed. operas nipasẹ JF Rameau ("Gllant India", "Princess of Navarre", "Pamira's Celebrations", "Nelei and Myrtis", "Zephyr", ati be be lo); Ipari ati orchestration (pẹlu C. Saint-Saens) ti opera Fredegonde nipasẹ E. Guiraud (1895, Grand Opera, Paris).

Awọn iṣẹ iwe-kikọ: Wagner et la France, P., 1923; Les ecrits de P. Dukas sur la musique, P., 1948; Ìwé ati agbeyewo ti French composers. Late XIX – tete XX sehin. Comp., translation, intoro. article ati ọrọìwòye. A. Bushen, L., 1972. Awọn lẹta: ibamu de Paul Dukas. Choix de lettres etabli par G. Favre, P., 1971.