Samuel Barber |

Samuel Barber

Ni 1924-28 o kọ ẹkọ pẹlu IA Vengerova (piano), R. Scalero (tiwqn), F. Reiner (iṣakoso), E. de Gogorz (orin) ni Curtis Institute of Music ni Philadelphia, nibiti o ti kọ ẹkọ ohun-elo ati choral nigbamii. ṣiṣe (1939-42). Fun igba diẹ o ṣe bi akọrin (baritone) ati oludari awọn iṣẹ tirẹ ni awọn ilu Yuroopu, pẹlu ni awọn ayẹyẹ (Hereford, 1946). Barber jẹ onkọwe ti awọn iṣẹ lọpọlọpọ ti awọn oriṣi oriṣiriṣi. Ninu awọn akopọ piano akọkọ rẹ, ipa ti awọn romantics ati SV Rachmaninoff ti han, ninu awọn akọrin - nipasẹ R. Strauss. Nigbamii, o gba awọn eroja ti aṣa aṣa ti ọdọ B. Bartok, tete IF Stravinsky ati SS Prokofiev. Ara ogbo Barber jẹ ijuwe nipasẹ apapọ awọn ifarahan ifẹ pẹlu awọn ẹya neoclassical.

Awọn iṣẹ ti Barber ti o dara julọ jẹ iyatọ nipasẹ agbara ti fọọmu ati ọrọ ti sojurigindin; Awọn iṣẹ orchestral - pẹlu ilana ohun elo ti o wuyi (ti o ṣe nipasẹ A. Toscanini, A. Kusevitsky ati awọn oludari pataki miiran), awọn iṣẹ piano - pẹlu igbejade pianistic, ohun orin - pẹlu lẹsẹkẹsẹ ti irisi apẹrẹ, orin ikosile ati kika orin.

Lara awọn akopọ ibẹrẹ Barber, pataki julọ ni: simfoni akọkọ, Adagio fun orchestra okun (eto ti iṣipopada 1nd ti quartet okun 2st), sonata fun piano, ere orin fun violin ati orchestra.

Gbajumo ni opera lyrical- dramatic opera Vanessa ti o da lori itan-akọọlẹ ifẹ ibile (ọkan ninu awọn operas Amẹrika diẹ ti a ṣe ni Metropolitan Opera, New York, 1958). Orin rẹ jẹ aami nipasẹ imọ-ọkan, aladun, ṣafihan isunmọ kan si iṣẹ ti awọn “verists”, ni apa kan, ati awọn operas ti o pẹ ti R. Strauss, ni apa keji.

Awọn akojọpọ:

awọn opera - Vanessa (1958) ati Antony ati Cleopatra (1966), iyẹwu opera Bridge Party (A Hand of bridge, Spoleto, 1959); awọn baluwe – “Ọkàn Ejò” (Ọkàn ejo, 1946, 2nd àtúnse 1947; da lori o – awọn orchestral suite “Medea”, 1947), “Blue Rose” (A blue dide, 1957, ko post.); fun ohun ati onilu - "Idagbere Andromache" (Idagbere Andromache, 1962), "Awọn ololufẹ" (Awọn ololufẹ, lẹhin P. Neruda, 1971); fun orchestra - 2 symphonies (1st, 1936, 2nd àtúnse – 1943; 2nd, 1944, titun àtúnse – 1947), overture to the play “School of Scandal” by R. Sheridan (1932), “Festive Toccata” (Toccata festiva, 1960) , “Fadograph láti inú ìran àná” (Fadograph láti inú ìran àná, lẹ́yìn J. Joyce, 1971), ere orin pẹlu onilu – fun piano (1962), fun fayolini (1939), 2 fun cello (1946, 1960), ballet suite “Souvenirs” (Souvenirs, 1953); iyẹwu akopo - Concerto Capricorn fun fèrè, oboe ati ipè pẹlu akọrin okun (1944), 2 okun quartets (1936, 1948), "Orin ooru" (Orin ooru, fun quintet woodwind), sonatas (fun sonata fun cello ati piano, bakannaa "Orin fun iṣẹlẹ kan lati Shelley" - Orin fun iṣẹlẹ kan lati Shelley, 1933, American Rome Prize 1935); awọn ẹgbẹ, iyika ti awọn orin lori awọn tókàn. J. Joyce ati R. Rilke, cantata Kierkegaard's Prayers (Awọn adura ti Kjerkegaard, 1954).

To jo: Arakunrin N., Samuel Barber, NY, 1954.

V. Yu. Delson